Long-Term Sigmoidoscopy Results Show Men Benefit Most

Long-Term Sigmoidoscopy Results Show Men Benefit Most

Researchers recently shared the twenty-three-year outcomes of the NORCCAP trial regarding sigmoidoscopy screening benefits. This randomized trial investigated whether a single sigmoidoscopy could reduce colorectal cancer risk over two decades. The results highlight a remarkable difference in how men and women respond to this screening method. Specifically, men experienced a 28% reduction in cancer incidence. Moreover, the risk of death from colorectal cancer dropped by 37% among male participants. However, the study found that women did not achieve the same level of protection. Consequently, doctors must carefully evaluate screening strategies based on gender-specific data.

Understanding Long-Term Sigmoidoscopy Screening Benefits

The trial included over 98,000 participants from Norway. Furthermore, the researchers followed these individuals for a median of 22.5 years. Although sigmoidoscopy effectively prevents distal cancers, it may miss proximal lesions. Because the procedure only views the lower part of the colon, its reach is limited. Additionally, adding a fecal blood test did not significantly enhance the screening outcomes. Therefore, the single sigmoidoscopy remains the primary driver of these long-term benefits. These findings help clinicians guide patients toward effective strategies. Sigmoidoscopy remains a powerful tool for preventing distal cancers because it targets high-risk areas.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: Why did men benefit more than women from sigmoidoscopy screening?

Scientists suggest that women often develop cancers in the proximal colon, which a sigmoidoscopy cannot reach effectively.

Q2: Is a single sigmoidoscopy enough for lifetime protection?

The study shows benefits lasting at least 23 years. However, clinicians often recommend regular screening for optimal health maintenance.

References

1. Botteri E et al. Twenty-Three-Year Benefits of Sigmoidoscopy Screening for Colorectal Cancer : A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2026 May 12. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05456. PMID: 42114097.
2. Agrawal M et al. Screening for Colorectal Carcinoma in India: Real-World Scenario, Pitfalls, and Solutions. South Asian J Cancer 2024;13(4):229–235.
3. USPSTF. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2021;325(19):1965–1977.